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A Geography of Time: The Temporal Misadventures of a Social Psychologist (1997)

par Robert V. Levine

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3871065,758 (3.64)11
In this engaging and spirited book, eminent social psychologist Robert Levine asks us to explore a dimension of our experience that we take for granted--our perception of time. When we travel to a different country, or even a different city in the United States, we assume that a certain amount of cultural adjustment will be required, whether it's getting used to new food or negotiating a foreign language, adapting to a different standard of living or another currency. In fact, what contributes most to our sense of disorientation is having to adapt to another culture's sense of time.Levine, who has devoted his career to studying time and the pace of life, takes us on an enchanting tour of time through the ages and around the world. As he recounts his unique experiences with humor and deep insight, we travel with him to Brazil, where to be three hours late is perfectly acceptable, and to Japan, where he finds a sense of the long-term that is unheard of in the West. We visit communities in the United States and find that population size affects the pace of life--and even the pace of walking. We travel back in time to ancient Greece to examine early clocks and sundials, then move forward through the centuries to the beginnings of "clock time" during the Industrial Revolution. We learn that there are places in the world today where people still live according to "nature time," the rhythm of the sun and the seasons, and "event time," the structuring of time around happenings(when you want to make a late appointment in Burundi, you say, "I'll see you when the cows come in").Levine raises some fascinating questions. How do we use our time? Are we being ruled by the clock? What is this doing to our cities? To our relationships? To our own bodies and psyches? Are there decisions we have made without conscious choice? Alternative tempos we might prefer? Perhaps, Levine argues, our goal should be to try to live in a "multitemporal" society, one in which we learn to move back and forth among nature time, event time, and clock time. In other words, each of us must chart our own geography of time. If we can do that, we will have achieved temporal prosperity.… (plus d'informations)
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  vorefamily | Feb 22, 2024 |
I had hoped to learn from this book why there is such a big difference in time perception between different cultures. I didn't get a real answer to that, but still enough elements to form an image myself. In any case, Robert Levine shows how great the differences are in sense of time: for example, the time of appointments in the US, Brazil or Japan are interpreted in very different ways at each of those places; his book is peppered with numerous amusing misunderstandings on this.
For an explanation, Levine refers to the "silent language" of the cultures, and that is certainly valid, but that is actually merely making a determination: cultures are very different because they are different, and it is important to adapt to each other. That smells a bit like cultural relativism and in that context there are some rather unfortunate passages in this book (among other things an explanation why a man in Pakistan feels obliged to uphold family honor by killing his adulterous sister).
A small part of the book is about empirical research into different life rates, and there the conclusion is that there is a direct connection with modernism (although Levine does not use that word): “People are prone to move faster in places with vital economies, a high degree of industrialization, larger populations, cooler climates, and a cultural orientation toward individualism.” In short, it means that appointments in the Western world are very much oriented towards the clock, while elsewhere it is 'event-time' that determines the pace of life, and that is much less strictly defined. In a brief historical overview, Levine zooms in on the introduction of that all-dominating clock time at the end of the 19th century in the West, as a deliberate strategy, in function of industrialization. In other words, Levine follows a somewhat historical materialistic way of thinking.
In our globalized world, of course, it all turns out to be a bit more complicated, and Levine has to conclude that there can be big differences within every region or culture. For example, the sense of time within the African American community, the Native American community or that of the New York yuppies is very different; and even the citizens of California run at a different pace.
For me, the distinction that Levine makes between living according to clock time or event time is particularly relevant. But the book would have had more persuasive power if it were more stuffed with empirical research than with funny anecdotes. ( )
  bookomaniac | Oct 18, 2019 |
Perhaps I should be kinder to this book. There are interesting things in here. And yet, when someone uses honor killings as his illustration for cultural relativity... no. Just no. When I want to illustrate that other cultures are different and our way is not the only/natural way? I go to food for examples. There's cultural relativity, and then there's moral relativity. ( )
  akaGingerK | Sep 30, 2018 |
I loved this book, and while I am completely western in my view of it, it was good to see the other views. ( )
  DelightedLibrarian | Jan 2, 2018 |
Zeit ist nicht gleich Zeit! In diesem Buch wird beschrieben, wie verschiedene Kulturen mit der Zeit umgehen. So ist Zeit in gewissen Ländern ein Statussymbol, und das Leben findet an verschiedenen Orten schneller oder langsamer statt.
Mit viel Aufwand wurden für dieses Buch die Recherchen betrieben. Es ist teilweise etwas langatmig und dadurch mühsam zu lesen, aber sehr lehrreich. ( )
  Asfaloth | Jul 4, 2015 |
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In this engaging and spirited book, eminent social psychologist Robert Levine asks us to explore a dimension of our experience that we take for granted--our perception of time. When we travel to a different country, or even a different city in the United States, we assume that a certain amount of cultural adjustment will be required, whether it's getting used to new food or negotiating a foreign language, adapting to a different standard of living or another currency. In fact, what contributes most to our sense of disorientation is having to adapt to another culture's sense of time.Levine, who has devoted his career to studying time and the pace of life, takes us on an enchanting tour of time through the ages and around the world. As he recounts his unique experiences with humor and deep insight, we travel with him to Brazil, where to be three hours late is perfectly acceptable, and to Japan, where he finds a sense of the long-term that is unheard of in the West. We visit communities in the United States and find that population size affects the pace of life--and even the pace of walking. We travel back in time to ancient Greece to examine early clocks and sundials, then move forward through the centuries to the beginnings of "clock time" during the Industrial Revolution. We learn that there are places in the world today where people still live according to "nature time," the rhythm of the sun and the seasons, and "event time," the structuring of time around happenings(when you want to make a late appointment in Burundi, you say, "I'll see you when the cows come in").Levine raises some fascinating questions. How do we use our time? Are we being ruled by the clock? What is this doing to our cities? To our relationships? To our own bodies and psyches? Are there decisions we have made without conscious choice? Alternative tempos we might prefer? Perhaps, Levine argues, our goal should be to try to live in a "multitemporal" society, one in which we learn to move back and forth among nature time, event time, and clock time. In other words, each of us must chart our own geography of time. If we can do that, we will have achieved temporal prosperity.

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