Jean-Marc-Gaspard Itard (1774–1838)
Auteur de Les enfants sauvages
Œuvres de Jean-Marc-Gaspard Itard
Itard inédit: numéro préparé par 1 exemplaire
De l'éducation d'un homme sauvage ou des premiers développemens physiques et moraux du jeune… (2011) 1 exemplaire
Traite des maladies de l'oreille et de l'audition 1 exemplaire
Étiqueté
Partage des connaissances
- Nom canonique
- Itard, Jean-Marc-Gaspard
- Nom légal
- Itard, Jean-Marc-Gaspard
- Date de naissance
- 1774-04-24
- Date de décès
- 1838-07-05
- Sexe
- male
- Nationalité
- France
- Pays (pour la carte)
- France
- Lieu de naissance
- Oraison, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France
- Lieu du décès
- Passy, Paris, France
- Professions
- Chirurgien
- Courte biographie
- Fondateur de la psychiatrie de l'enfant. Il a soigné Victor de l'Aveyron, enfant sauvage. - Directeur de l'Institut des sourds-muets à Paris. - Membre de l'Académie de médecine (1821)
Membres
Critiques
Highly recommended; very much out of copyright, and very short, and thus ideal for the classroom.
Brief google searches suggest Foucault didn't write about this account, which astonishes me. If ever there were a text better suited to discuss the characteristics and development of modern biopower, I don't know it.
Needless to say Itard is a humanist who believes the boy, Victor, was without society worth speaking of when we was among the animals.… (plus d'informations)
There exists equally with the savage, the most insulated, as with the citizen raised to the highest point of civilization, an uniform proportion between their ideas and their wants; that their continually increasing multiplicity, in a state of polished society, ought to be regarded as one of the grand instruments for producing the development of the human mind; so that we may be allowed to lay it down as a general proposition, that all the causes, whether accidental, local, or political, which tend to augment or diminish the number of our wants, contribute of necessity to extend or to contract the sphere of our knowledge, and the empire of the sciences, of the fine arts, and of social industry.Itard's account aims to prove that the wild child, and a fortiori, any citizen can be educated into something better by intermingling them with rational guides to imitate and by compelling them to multiply their wants. Where a wide range of wants are wanting, intelligence does not develop. A better citizenship requires more refined pleasures, whether we're talking about Victor the Wild Child or, by implication, all citizens of the new French Republic. This pedagogical treatise is thus also necessarily a treatise on social engineering, an attack on the superiority of nature and especially on the notion of "human nature" (since only human culture produces anything more than bestial), and implicitly an attack on class, on the colonial project [maybe!], and on all forms of conservatism.
Brief google searches suggest Foucault didn't write about this account, which astonishes me. If ever there were a text better suited to discuss the characteristics and development of modern biopower, I don't know it.
Needless to say Itard is a humanist who believes the boy, Victor, was without society worth speaking of when we was among the animals.… (plus d'informations)
A movie based on this true incident was the first French film I had ever seen; it captivated me. Thus, I did not hesitate to pick up this book when I came across it while putting away books at the library where I work.
Despite being written in the formal vernacular of a scientist who lived in the 18th century, it is a fascinating read--one that caused me to empathize with the emotions felt by the doctor as he succeeded or failed in his attempts to re-introduce the boy to society.
Despite being written in the formal vernacular of a scientist who lived in the 18th century, it is a fascinating read--one that caused me to empathize with the emotions felt by the doctor as he succeeded or failed in his attempts to re-introduce the boy to society.
First written in 1932 this early psychological study provides insight into nature v nurture. A fascinating tale.
Statistiques
- Œuvres
- 8
- Membres
- 152
- Popularité
- #137,198
- Évaluation
- 3.7
- Critiques
- 4
- ISBN
- 22
- Langues
- 5
- Favoris
- 1
Fundamentally Marxist and existentialist argument against 'human nature' (and against racism (19), Malson's Wolf Children offers further context for the late 50s and mid 60s assaults on transhistorical naturalisms in Foucault and other thinkers. The roots of Butler's Gender Trouble, inter alia, can be found in here.
Malson--better known as a jazz writer!--is irredemably humanist. Humans alone, per Malson, can be completely altered; only humans can really be said to use tools (32), to have true intelligence (and here he uses Merleau-Ponty), or to make gifts. The savage character of feral children proves the open character of human: it is not that feral children 'revert' but rather that they lack what humans need to be human, namely, a society of their peers: "deprived of the society of others man becomes a monster. He cannot regress to his pre-cultural state, because such a state never existed" (35). Without hailing, without the symbolic, without historical thrownness, there is no human, at least per Malson: "the search for human nature among 'wild' children has always proved fruitless precisely because human nature can appear only when human existence has entered the social context" (12). "Pure thought" no more exists than the "purely human" (18); there is no universal human nature, nor are there "naturally existing" ethnic differences.
Truffaut clearly read this book: it's the basis for his Wild Child, but also includes an anecdote of a child surviving a defenestration that appears in L'argent de poche.
The book includes Itard's account of Peter of Aveyron, taken from the 1802 English translation.… (plus d'informations)