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The Anxious Generation: How the Great Rewiring of Childhood Is Causing an Epidemic of Mental Illness

par Jonathan Haidt

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4431058,847 (4.14)6
Family & Relationships. Psychology. Self-Improvement. Nonfiction. HTML:From New York Times bestselling coauthor of The Coddling of the American Mind, an essential investigation into the collapse of youth mental health—and a plan for a healthier, freer childhood
After more than a decade of stability or improvement, the mental health of adolescents plunged in the early 2010s. Rates of depression, anxiety, self-harm, and suicide rose sharply, more than doubling on most measures. Why?
In The Anxious Generation, social psychologist Jonathan Haidt lays out the facts about the epidemic of teen mental illness that hit many countries at the same time. He then investigates the nature of childhood, including why children need play and independent exploration to mature into competent, thriving adults. Haidt shows how the “play-based childhood” began to decline in the 1980s, and how it was finally wiped out by the arrival of the “phone-based childhood” in the early 2010s. He presents more than a dozen mechanisms by which this “great rewiring of childhood” has interfered with children’s social and neurological development, covering everything from sleep deprivation to attention fragmentation, addiction, loneliness, social contagion, social comparison, and perfectionism. He explains why social media damages girls more than boys and why boys have been withdrawing from the real world into the virtual world, with disastrous consequences for themselves, their families, and their societies.
Most important, Haidt issues a clear call to action. He diagnoses the “collective action problems” that trap us, and then proposes four simple rules that might set us free. He describes steps that parents, teachers, schools, tech companies, and governments can take to end the epidemic of mental illness and restore a more humane childhood.
Haidt has spent his career speaking truth backed by data in the most difficult landscapes—communities polarized by politics and religion, campuses battling culture wars, and now the public health emergency faced by Gen Z. We cannot afford to ignore his findings about protecting our children—and ourselves—from the psychological damage of a phone-based life.
*Includes a downloadable PDF of charts, graphs, and images from the book.
… (plus d'informations)
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Affichage de 1-5 de 8 (suivant | tout afficher)
L'idea che i social media stiano rovinando i nostri figli è supportata da vari studi e opinioni di esperti, in particolare per quanto riguarda la Generazione Z, i giovani nati dopo il 1995. Jonathan Haidt, docente alla New York University, ha evidenziato che l'aumento dei tassi di suicidio tra gli adolescenti negli Stati Uniti, che ha visto un incremento del 48% tra i ragazzi di 10-19 anni, è legato all'uso degli smartphone e dei social media. Haidt attribuisce parte di questo problema anche all'approccio iperprotettivo dei genitori e alla diminuzione del tempo trascorso offline dai giovani, il che potrebbe influenzare negativamente lo sviluppo delle connessioni sinaptiche durante l'infanzia e l'adolescenza, portando a disturbi mentali.

In Italia, la situazione è simile, con un aumento del 40% degli accessi al pronto soccorso per ansia e tentativi di suicidio tra i giovani. Gli effetti negativi dei social media includono l'amplificazione delle emozioni negative, una percezione distorta di sé e il confronto costante con modelli irrealistici, che possono causare insicurezza e ansia. Inoltre, l'uso eccessivo di dispositivi digitali è associato a problemi di sonno e qualità del riposo.

Tuttavia, è importante notare che i social media possono anche avere effetti positivi, come la possibilità di mantenere contatti con amici e familiari e di trovare supporto emotivo in comunità online. La chiave per affrontare la questione sembra risiedere in un uso equilibrato e consapevole di queste piattaforme, piuttosto che nella loro eliminazione totale.

Ecco alcuni segnali di ansia nei giovani che potrebbero essere collegati all'uso eccessivo o problematico dei social media:

Isolamento sociale
Se un giovane preferisce trascorrere più tempo online che interagire di persona con amici e familiari, potrebbe essere un segnale di isolamento sociale causato dai social media.

Disturbi del sonno
Avere problemi ad addormentarsi o a riposare bene a causa dell'uso di dispositivi e social media, soprattutto prima di andare a dormire, è un campanello d'allarme.

Mancanza di concentrazione
Risultare difficile concentrarsi su altre attività a causa dell'ansia di perdersi qualcosa sui social media può indicare un uso problematico.

Comparazione costante con gli altri
Il confronto continuo con le vite e le immagini ideali che si vedono sui social, unito alla sensazione di sentirsi inadeguati, può portare a bassa autostima e depressione.

Fluttuazioni emotive
Sbalzi d'umore, ansia, tristezza e cambiamenti emotivi frequenti potrebbero essere collegati all'uso eccessivo dei social media.

Questi segnali, se presenti, dovrebbero essere presi sul serio. È importante che i genitori siano consapevoli dell'impatto dei social sulla salute mentale dei figli e li aiutino a sviluppare un uso consapevole e limitato di queste piattaforme.

Promuovere un uso consapevole dei social media tra i giovani è fondamentale per mitigare i rischi associati e massimizzare i benefici. Ecco alcune strategie efficaci:

Limita il tempo di utilizzo
Impostare allarmi o timer per ricordare di fare pause può aiutare a ridurre il tempo trascorso online. È utile stabilire limiti di tempo giornalieri per l'uso dei social media.

Scegli i social media significativi
Valuta quali piattaforme sono realmente utili e significative. Considera di eliminare o disattivare account che non vengono più utilizzati o che non apportano valore.

Bilanciare online e offline
Incoraggia attività offline come sport, lettura o incontri con amici. Questo aiuta a mantenere un equilibrio sano tra vita digitale e reale.

Evita l'uso prima di dormire
Non utilizzare smartphone o tablet prima di andare a letto per migliorare la qualità del sonno e ridurre l'ansia legata all'uso dei social media.

Sviluppa una consapevolezza critica
Insegna ai giovani a verificare le fonti e a considerare il contesto dei contenuti che incontrano online. Questo aiuta a sviluppare un pensiero critico e a riconoscere le informazioni false o fuorvianti.

Riconosci gli effetti emotivi
Incoraggia i giovani a riflettere su come i contenuti dei social media influenzano le loro emozioni. È importante che comprendano il legame tra ciò che vedono online e il loro stato d'animo.

Promuovi relazioni positive
Usa i social media per mantenere legami con amici e familiari, ma sottolinea l'importanza delle interazioni faccia a faccia. Le relazioni reali sono fondamentali per il benessere emotivo.

Educazione digitale
È cruciale che genitori e educatori forniscano un'educazione digitale adeguata, insegnando ai giovani a utilizzare i social media in modo responsabile e a comprendere i rischi associati.

Adottando queste pratiche, i giovani possono sviluppare un rapporto più sano e consapevole con i social media, riducendo i rischi di ansia e altri problemi di salute mentale. ( )
  AntonioGallo | Sep 2, 2024 |
I strongly recommend this book to anyone and everyone who is raising children.
Screen-based childhoods do a disservice to everyone in a society.
Jonathan Haidt has solutions to the epidemic of mental illness running rampant in childhood since the advent of smartphones.
The book is organized very well and the author includes a list of extensive references and lists links to onliine resources and further information. ( )
  jaylcee | Aug 31, 2024 |
The actual recommendations seem sound and backed up with data but the framing seems simplistic. The author doesn't seem to recognize any possibilities for what kids could be doing with unstructured free time besides "addictive social media use" or "physical free play with other kids." Having witnessed some major brawls between several dozen unaccompanied adolescents that required calling the police, I suspect a lot of them could use unstructured, non-social media time on their own that has nothing to do with jockeying for social position in person or online. Read a book, sketch something, bake cookies, write a song, work on your cosplay for the anime convention, take a quiet walk, etc., and develop a sense of self in order to give less of a damn about what other people think of you. There are passing mentions of a boy cooking a four course meal in a chapter on developing independent skills, and of going for a walk without one's phone to capture a sense of awe in a section on spirituality, religious or otherwise, but on the whole the thesis seems to completely neglect the possibility that solitary, screen-free recreation, or at least recreation that uses screens more in the way that we did before the modern era of social media like writing your novel on a computer, is a choice some kids would make. The author references an increase in happiness among adolescents in the Millennial generation, which he acknowledges was starting to come online but not in the hyper-connected, smartphone, emphasis on likes and shares era of social media into which Gen Z entered. Speaking as one of those Millennials: we did not live in each other's back pockets on phones, but we didn't live in each other's back pockets metaphorically in the sense of being glued to each other in person, either. We saw each other in school, we got together some days outside of school, and some days even if we had nothing else going on instead of hanging out with our friends we stayed home and wrote fan fiction and then set the perfect AIM away message when we were AFK, and the data that we were happier was right there. Haidt sometimes specifically emphasizes that limiting access to social media doesn't mean limiting access to the whole internet, but there doesn't seem to be any room for the rest of the internet in his idea of adolescence, either. In the actual chapter about video games he says that video games actually proved not to be harmful for most gamers, but were for some, but in the rest of the book he talks about the dangers of video games without mentioning the relatively low threat as he does in that chapter. He makes a brief reference to the possible benefits of online community for people "with autism" in his words and then ignores autistic people for the rest of the book. He makes a couple of passing references to avoiding "triggering" (quotation marks in the text) students but never discusses what this looks like, or makes mention of the fact that people with PTSD may need trigger warnings in order to avoid situations that will induce flashbacks. In short, I would love to see these strong points and proposals put forward in a book written with more nuance and a wider consideration of the human experience.
  Unreachableshelf | Aug 6, 2024 |
I'm looking at my own media use as a result of reading this book. ( )
  francesanngray | Jul 28, 2024 |
A very well crafted book. A hard look at what is troubling the next generation, why and what we can do to alleviate it. A truly important book which should be widely read. I'll be re-reading. ( )
  jvgravy | Jul 14, 2024 |
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Family & Relationships. Psychology. Self-Improvement. Nonfiction. HTML:From New York Times bestselling coauthor of The Coddling of the American Mind, an essential investigation into the collapse of youth mental health—and a plan for a healthier, freer childhood
After more than a decade of stability or improvement, the mental health of adolescents plunged in the early 2010s. Rates of depression, anxiety, self-harm, and suicide rose sharply, more than doubling on most measures. Why?
In The Anxious Generation, social psychologist Jonathan Haidt lays out the facts about the epidemic of teen mental illness that hit many countries at the same time. He then investigates the nature of childhood, including why children need play and independent exploration to mature into competent, thriving adults. Haidt shows how the “play-based childhood” began to decline in the 1980s, and how it was finally wiped out by the arrival of the “phone-based childhood” in the early 2010s. He presents more than a dozen mechanisms by which this “great rewiring of childhood” has interfered with children’s social and neurological development, covering everything from sleep deprivation to attention fragmentation, addiction, loneliness, social contagion, social comparison, and perfectionism. He explains why social media damages girls more than boys and why boys have been withdrawing from the real world into the virtual world, with disastrous consequences for themselves, their families, and their societies.
Most important, Haidt issues a clear call to action. He diagnoses the “collective action problems” that trap us, and then proposes four simple rules that might set us free. He describes steps that parents, teachers, schools, tech companies, and governments can take to end the epidemic of mental illness and restore a more humane childhood.
Haidt has spent his career speaking truth backed by data in the most difficult landscapes—communities polarized by politics and religion, campuses battling culture wars, and now the public health emergency faced by Gen Z. We cannot afford to ignore his findings about protecting our children—and ourselves—from the psychological damage of a phone-based life.
*Includes a downloadable PDF of charts, graphs, and images from the book.

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