Lucan (1)Critiques

Una obra cumbre de la literatura universal. Se narra la guerra civil entre Julio César y Pompeyo Magno. Pero hay mucho más: Descripciones de personalidades únicas, localizaciones, mitos, costumbres, eventos, sobre la filosofía estoica, sobre la visión que tenían los romanos sobre sí mismos o sobre el joven sistema político imperial. Un escrito heroico, antimonárquico, que posiblemente le costó la vida a su autor. Una obra de lectura imprescindible y obligatoria.

Bella per Emathios plus quam civilia campos
iusque datum sceleri canimus, populumque potentem
in sua victrici conversum viscera dextra
cognatasque acies, et rupto foedere regni
certatum totis concussi viribus orbis
in commune nefas, infestisque obvia signis
signa, pares aquilas et pila minantia pilis.

Wars worse than civil we sing, fought on Emathian plains,
And justice given over to crime; how Rome's mighty people
Directed their victorious hand against their own vitals.
Frontlines of armies akin and broken the tyrant's pact.
All the shaken world's forces locked in one struggle;
In common guilt, hostile encounter of standard with
standard, of the same eagles, spear threatening spear.

victrix causa deis placuit sed victa Catoni.
The winner pleased the gods, but Cato preferred the lost.
Liber I, line 157

hoc hostibus unum, quod vincas, ignosce tuis.
Forgive your foes one thing: that you are the winner.
Liber IV, line 344 - 362

Vel dominus rerum vel tanti funeris heres
Will I be ruler of the world or heir to death and doom?
Liber VI, second part

Marcus Lucanus (AD 39 - 65) was a rich Roman who penned this long poem about the Pompey/Caesar civil war as the ornament of his brief life. Once an intimate of the emperor Nero, he was involved in the Piso led conspiracy to rid Rome of that unfortunate emperor. He was forced to commit suicide by Nero, after implicating other conspirators. Now, to the poem. Sadly, this is a prose redaction of the Latin text into English prose by the English poet and novelist, Robert Graves, and is, I am sure accurate about language and emphasis. Though incomplete due to the death of the author, it is worth the read, though the ISBN given here is of a later publication by Penguin books. As a reader, I found it to be a pleasant experience.

Reader CHARLTON GRIFFIN Translator J D DUFF
Audio Connoisseur, 2017
Audiobook Digital File 10 hours 39 min
Epics Date Completed 2021-01-09 Rating ****
I have always been a fan of Julius Caesar and enjoyed reading how he put those effete and parasitic senators in their place. I didn’t much attention to the views of the other side. I have now heard them, and through an unexpected source. I learned through some algorithm that a poet named Lucan turned the history of the Civil War into an epic poem on the scale of Homer and Virgil. I thought at first (hoped? Expected?) that he had been forced to commit suicide at the age of 25 because the chief critic of the day, Nero, took exception to his take on his ancestor. According to Wikipedia, though, it seems that the youth was part of the conspiracy of 65 AD.
Lucan never lets his reader forget that everything Julius Caesar did, from the Rubicon onwards, was illegal and, therefore, tyrannical. He doesn’t make Pompey come alive as a worthy opponent, despite referring to him as Magnus, spending a book on his death, underlining the nobility of his widow, etc. Caesar’s true antagonist is Cato the Younger, the embodiment of every virtue the old Romans admired. He becomes more than a marble model in book nine, where he is shown holding an army together after Pompey’s defeat and murder and setting so impressive an example of duty and self-control that a dying soldier would feel ashamed to groan in his presence. I was especially impressed that Cato felt that his patrician values made him feel bound to demand nothing of his men that he wouldn’t do.
Lucan has many great set pieces: an official protected the treasury while letting the state go to heck; a Roman trying to learn his fate from the oracle at Delphi; Pompey’s unworthy son consulting a Thessalian witch before the climatic battle; Caesar crossing the sea at night during a storm; Cato marching his men through the snakes of the Libyan desert. Lucan was in the middle of describing another one, Caesar’s embattlement at Alexandria, when he was forced to end his work and his life.
Lucan, like Homer especially, provided bloody battle descriptions, most effectively in the siege of Massilia, where he provides all the action a movie could desire. I wish I thought that the court poet had seen a battle himself. Lucan also provides many lessons in geography. I wished that I had made attention to them better. I had to wonder what living under Nero and treating this subject did to his soul. One character, after Pompey’s defeat, snarled that Chance, not Justice, ruled the world. I wondered if he believed that.
A great listen, thanks again to that perfect reader of classical texts, the organ-voiced Charlton Griffin.

RG-3

RG-1

A dark, surreal, fictionalized epic revealing the psychological breaks in the Roman national consciousness.

FARSALIA

La vida del cordobés Marco Anneo Lucano (39-65 d.C.) fue breve pero intensa. Tras recibir una educación esmerada en Roma y Grecia, se reveló como un poeta precoz y prolífico que despertó la admiracion incluso de Nerón, quien después se enemistaría con él y le obligaría a suicidarse.

Lamentablemente, de toda su obra sólo se ha conservado Farsalia, exuberante poema épico cuyo tema central es la guerra civil romana, iniciada en el 49 a.C. y finalizada cuatro años más tarde. De una forma innovadora y rupturista con la tradición literaria anterior, Lucano plasma en esta epopeya la lucha entre los partidarios de Julio César (que personifica la ambición dictatorial) y los miembros más conservadores del Senado, liderados por Pompeyo, que defendían la República.

Farsalia es un hermoso y aterrador fresco histórico, escrito con un estilo que deja atrás el clasicismo virgiliano en favor de una escritura más barroca, con un espíritu racionalista que evita interponer la intervención divina en los asuntos humanos, y con un genuino afán de ser un relato fiel de la guerra que cambió el signo político del Imperio Romano.

«Con extraordinario vigor imaginativo contempló Lucano, en intensas visiones, las figuras históricas nacionales. Poseyó el deslumbrante entendimiento para decirlo todo eficazmente en el lugar oportuno. Lucano sirvió a la tarea más alta de un poeta: vincular a conceptos precisos y nombres nuevos los sentimientos imprecisos de su época». Ernst Bickel

édition critique, avec des notes en anglais par C. E. Haskins et une introduction par W. E. Heitland.

I'm actually reading the Robert Graves translation, which I was too lazy to import manually. I love his informal introductions. So far, it's very enjoyable.

Two weeks ago I happened upon this; I had no idea of its existence before-- an 18th Cent. translation into heroic couplets of Lucan's epic "Pharsalia." English poet Nicholas Rowe here rivals Dryden's magisterial version of the "Aeneid"-- for fans of Alexander Pope, Dryden, and the Romans this is a must-have. Dear Everyman Library, PLEASE get this back in print so I can get more copies! I don't want that silly prose version from Oxford World Classics!

The story of the Roman civil war between Pompey and Caesar. The most moving scene is where Pompey's body is left alone on the shores of Egypt. However, this really should be more interesting than it is. Written in a very dull fashion.

Review from Encyclopedia of Literary Translations by O. Classe.

Review from Encyclopedia of Literary Translations by O. Classe.

From the Encyclopedia of Literary Translations by O. Classe