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Chernobyl (1987)

par Frederik Pohl

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2045132,881 (3.89)4
Chernobyl: The very name conjures the catastrophe that the world feared could happen someday at a nuclear power plant. On April 26, 1986, a power surge caused the core of one of the reactors to explode, spewing a cloud of radioactive steam into the air. More than four thousand people died, as many as a half-million suffered potentially cancer-causing exposure, and the city around the plant became a toxic wasteland in which nothing could live. Before the disaster at the Chernobyl plant, nuclear catastrophe had been only a fear, a threat. But when the Chernobyl plant was destroyed, those fears were suddenly all too real. Frederik Pohl's novel about this disaster was written months after the tragic events. He had the cooperation of many people inside the USSR with access to technical information and first-person accounts of the events of what is still the most tragic nuclear event in human history and only one of two level-7 nuclear accidents, along with the Fukushima disaster of 2011. This is fiction, but it is the most riveting, realistic account of what happened that has ever been written. It is also a cautionary tale that reminds us of the dangers of nuclear power plants and the terrible devastation they can unleash. Including a new Afterword by the author, this is an important book.… (plus d'informations)
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» Voir aussi les 4 mentions

This is a work of fiction -- none of the characters is drawn from life, all are invented. Also, Pohl was writing in the immediate aftermath of the disaster at Chernobyl. The book came out the year after; given the exigencies of publishing, that's almost a rushed-into-print current affairs book. Much of the information about what really happened had not yet come to light. And Pohl was primarily a science fiction author with lots of SF tropes (and no degrees in science or engineering) to fall back on when writing about nuclear disaster, a common topic in science fiction of the Golden Age. So one should go into the book expecting a 1950s/60s nuclear apocalypse story with more immediate application than most. The application is even more striking in the wake of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, as one of the protagonists was badly burned while serving in a Russian tank crew fighting against the Germans in WWII, the same type of tank used in 2022 in Ukraine with the same tendency to explode in flames and incinerate the crew; and a less prominent character, dying of radiation sickness in a Moscow hospital, raves in his last moments about Ukrainian independence and Russian oppression.

And the story is really good. The details of Soviet-era life are well depicted and the story is gripping. There's a little more explication of what things *are* and how people lived than you find in an oral history like Voices of Chernobyl, so it casts some light on my non-fiction reading too. I found the characters engaging and varied. Almost 40 years after the events, the book is still worth reading. ( )
  muumi | Apr 6, 2023 |
USSR, Tjernobyl, 1986
Simion Smin på 64 år er vicedirektør på Tjernobyls atomkraftværk og gift med Selena. Tjernobyl er et RBMK-1000 værk, dvs alle fire reaktorer er grafitmodererede reaktorer, der leverer 1000 megawatt og kan genpåfyldes under drift. Det er hårdt at være vicedirektør for der er problemer med både arbejderne og med materialekvalitet. Et par uger før har der været en artikel i Literaturna Ukraina, der satte skarpt lys på mange af problemerne. Der har også tidligere været et uheld i Kistim (Кыштым) i 1957. Eller rettere i en by tæt på, men den var ikke på noget kort dengang. RBMK reaktorerne er lynhurtige til at skifte energioutput, så de er computerstyrede for at forhindre dem i at gå overkritiske. Denne aften fredag den 25 april har direktøren planlagt et eksperiment for at se om man kan presse mere effekt ud af reaktor 4, men det går galt og på få sekunder mister de kontrollen over reaktoren. Det går forfærdeligt galt og reaktoren eksploderer og sender brændende højradioaktivt grafit ud over området. Først om søndagen den 27 april 1986 opdager folk i Finland og Sverige at der er radioaktivitet i luften. Svenskerne checker vejrmønstre og at engelsk radio stadig sender, så det må komme fra Rusland et sted. Det offentliggør de uden yderligere forsinkelse. Nyheden går verden rundt og nu ved alle undtagen folk i Sovjetunionen at der er sket en katastrofe et sted i landet.
Ingeniøren Tjerantjuk er med til at finde løsninger på at stoppe ulykken og på at forhindre forudsigelige katastrofer, fx at reaktorkernen smelter ned i det underliggende bassin med vand, forrådskammeret. Han er med til at dykke ned i bassinet og lukke to ventiler op, så kammeret kan tømmes, men det giver også en kraftig dosis radioaktiv stråling.
Kammeret bliver efterfølgende fyldt op med beton. En amerikansk millionær, Armand Hammer, sørger for at sende amerikansk specialister i behandling af strålesyge til Moskva, så de kan forsøge at hjælpe de hårdest ramte, men Simion dør nu alligevel.
Først fredag den 2. maj bliver der givet evakueringsordre, men så er det til gengæld alle i 30 kms afstand fra Tjernobyl. I Kiev får man først taget forholdsordre senere endnu.
19. maj er det værste stråling fra kernen stoppet og Pripjat er blevet evakueret og byen forsøgt renset ned med frisk jord, maling og nedsprøjtning.
Tjerantjuk overlever og bliver udskrevet fra hospitalet, frisk som en havørn.
Ruinen af reaktor 4 er nu nogenlunde under kontrol, så selv om der udbryder en ny brand, så lykkes det at slukke den ret hurtigt og uden tab af liv.
Bogen slutter med en efterskrift, hvor Pohl takker den russiske forfatterforening og roser Glasnost.

Dette værk er fiktion bygget over eksplosionen og den efterfølgende brand i en atomreaktor i Tjernobyl eller på russisk Чернобыль, den 26 april 1986. Dvs alle de personer, der beskrives som aktive personer i romanen er frit opfundne.
Det bemærkelsesværdige ved bogen er at den udkom i 1987, dvs meget tæt på selve katastrofen og kun takket være perestrojka og den følgende åbenhed kunne Pohl komme så tæt på hvad der faktisk skete. ( )
  bnielsen | Jul 22, 2013 |
This is a bit unusual. Frederik Pohl, one of the USA's top science fiction authors, produced a fictionalised account of the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Pohl is old enough (born 1919) to be from a time when such a novel would have been science fiction; and also old enough for an attempt to portray citizens of the Soviet Union as ordinary human beings not to be considered a crime. For that is what he does - he looks at the (fictional) characters in the Chernobyl disaster just the same as he would any other character. The disaster wasn't just about whether one particular economic system failed or succeeded, it's about how the individuals involved worked, behaved and reacted. ( )
2 voter RobertDay | May 10, 2012 |
Read this back in the day. It was really gripping. Need to get a copy in light of recent events. ( )
  kylekatz | Apr 2, 2011 |
A fictionalized story of the Chernobyl disaster.
  austinwood | Sep 19, 2009 |
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Chernobyl: The very name conjures the catastrophe that the world feared could happen someday at a nuclear power plant. On April 26, 1986, a power surge caused the core of one of the reactors to explode, spewing a cloud of radioactive steam into the air. More than four thousand people died, as many as a half-million suffered potentially cancer-causing exposure, and the city around the plant became a toxic wasteland in which nothing could live. Before the disaster at the Chernobyl plant, nuclear catastrophe had been only a fear, a threat. But when the Chernobyl plant was destroyed, those fears were suddenly all too real. Frederik Pohl's novel about this disaster was written months after the tragic events. He had the cooperation of many people inside the USSR with access to technical information and first-person accounts of the events of what is still the most tragic nuclear event in human history and only one of two level-7 nuclear accidents, along with the Fukushima disaster of 2011. This is fiction, but it is the most riveting, realistic account of what happened that has ever been written. It is also a cautionary tale that reminds us of the dangers of nuclear power plants and the terrible devastation they can unleash. Including a new Afterword by the author, this is an important book.

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