Evolution, by vertebrate paleontologist Donald Prothero, is a mix of fairly technical overview of vertebrate evolution with polemics against creationism and intelligent design. Prothero has made something of a secondary career out of debating creationists – he learned Greek and Hebrew so he could read the Bible in the original – and is known for upstaging his opponents (he has an ongoing battle with Duane Gish) by going to their lectures, noting the slides and powerpoints they use, then setting up specific refutations in advance (Gish apparently facilitates this by seldom changing his presentation). He’s also very accomplished paleontologists, spending years in the Bighorn Basin and the storage cabinets of the American Museum of Natural History to elucidate the taxonomy of ungulate groups.


The problem I see is Prothero never really picks out a target audience. Prothero’s background at the AMNH is obvious; the museum was the forefront of cladistic taxonomy in North America. Unfortunately it also acquired an “attitude” famous in the community; any taxonomist who didn’t fully accept cladistics was treated with thinly disguised contempt. A little of that carries over into this book; for a work presumably aimed at an intelligent lay audience, Prothero doesn’t really do a good job of explaining how cladistics works. There are a couple of paragraphs on shared derived characteristics but more examples would be beneficial.


A secondary consideration is Prothero is sometimes just plain wrong (well, not up to date at least). For example his chart of animal evolution makes the myriapods the sister group of insects, while the most recent molecular data puts the crustaceans in that position. Prothero notes several times how cladistics reordered traditional phyletic taxonomy, but comes across as if he’s saying “We used to wrong but now we fixed it” rather than “science is continuously updating and refining – and much of what we think we know now will probably be refuted in the future”. Ironically Prothero points out the creationists are in the habit of describing the changes in science as a weakness rather than as strength – I had an online discussion with a YEC who kept naïvely citing examples of scientists not being able to assign an animal to a taxonomic group without realizing that was evidence for evolutionary theory, not against it.


Prothero also lets his impatience with creationists and IDers show a little too much, almost to the point of coming across as petulant rather than professional. His final chapter sees creationism as a major threat to the welfare of America, attributing the decline of American science pre-eminence to it (and with a sideways polemic against the Bush Administration and “the flunkies of the oil industry in Congress” for “foot-dragging” on climate change). There’s one final disquieting note; in his chapter on ungulate evolution – his main area of expertise – he refers readers to his book Horns, Tusks and Flippers: The Evolution of Hoofed Animals – coauthored with Robert M. Schoch. Yes, that Robert M. Schoch, the same guy who believes the Great Sphinx was built by a lost civilization. Well, Schoch is a vertebrate paleontologist, and a respected one, but if you’re going to rail against anti-science creationists who have no expertise in paleontologist you might want to be a little bit careful about getting into bed with somebody like Schoch.


Worth reading if you want an introduction to mammalian paleontology, especially ungulate paleontology. Less useful if you want to debate creationists, although the chapter on the history of Biblical fundamentalism is interesting (I didn’t know that the original fundamentalists were concerned with “higher criticism”, not with evolutionary theory). Extensive bibliography with a mix of paleontological, creationist, and creationist debunking books. Well illustrated.
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A detailed look at the fossil record, in an attempt to answer the challenge that there are no transitional fossils, or that the fossils show a pattern other than evolution. The author avoids most of the dense jargon that could make such a book inaccessible to the lay audience it is aimed at; he explains the concepts well, and includes a great many drawings, as well as black-and-white and color photos. The focus is on the Animal kingdom; the transitional fossils in plants and other groups are not included. The book loses half a star for the assumptions it makes on religion; assuming that the creationists are "Christians" and not Christians because their theology differs from what you learned in Sunday School as a child is not legitimate; the sneer quotes suggest that the author is competent to determine what proper Christian belief is. To dismiss the creationists as though they are wrong about their Christian belief is to ignore the reality that Christianity is a multi-faceted belief system, and there appears to be no one right way of being a Christian. Other than that, a good outing. ( )

A very rare occurrence, five out of five stars.

First of all I like all the small unimportant things about it. It's a hardback, and a good quality one, with heavy paper and a lovely cover, and colour plates, and nice margins for scribbling notes, and a thorough index and bibliography (breathe). Best of all of these things it has a comprehensive further reading list at the end of every chapter. Joy.

Second and, of course, far more important than all that stuff, this guy knows his stuff, isn't afraid of saying when he doesn't know stuff, or isn't sure about stuff, and he has actually done the science stuff (ok well not all of it).

Comprehensive coverage of the politics and religion behind the creationist agenda methods and arguments and a comprehensive take down of why they are wrong. An understanding of what science is and how it works shows us that creationists are 'not even wrong' in the sense that they aren't even doing science. A brief history of the brief history of creationism (it is very modern). A tour of fossilisation, dating, 'flood geology', the grand canyon and quote mining followed by a potted history of the evolution of evolution and a list of the main kinds of evidence supporting evolution as a fact of history (aside from fossils) and a quick summary of the current understanding out how it works..

But this is just a warm up for Prothero, next he brings out the oft neglected big guns and gives us a comprehensive overview of some of the main lines of fossil evidence supporting the modern synthesis. Diagrams, photos, anecdotes and of course plenty of places to go next if you want to dig deeper.

I'm doing a couple of talks to BHA folks later in the year on creationism in the UK and I have found a few gems to work into my talk somewhere.

Wit and wisdom, hard facts and open acknowledgement of what we don't know makes him my kind of author.

Buy it. ( )

It is the most complete book I've seen on this topic. You get a hardcover fully illustrated book that likes to be shown on your coffee table for a very reasonable price. Also looks very good on your LibraryThing list. ( )

Great overview of some of the major transitional stages of evolution with some wonderful illustrations.