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Brave New Ballot: The Battle to Safeguard Democracy in the Age of Electronic Voting

par Aviel David Rubin

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Imagine for a moment that you live in a country where nobody is sure how most of the votes are counted, and there's no reliable record for performing a recount. Imagine that machines count the votes, but nobody knows how they work. Now imagine if somebody found out that the machines were vulnerable to attack, but the agencies that operate them won't take the steps to make them safe. If you live in America, you don't need to imagine anything. This is the reality of electronic voting in our country. Avi Rubin is a computer scientist at Johns Hopkins University and a specialist in systems security. He and a team of researchers studied the code that operates the machines now used in 37 states and discovered the following terrifying facts: - The companies hired to test the election equipment for federal certification did not study the code that operates the machines and the election commissions employed no computer security analysts. - All votes are recorded on a single removable card similar to the one in a digital camera. There is no way to determine if the card or the code that operates the machine has been tampered with. - It's very easy to program a machine to change votes. There's no way to determine if that has happened. - There were enough irregularities with the electronic voting machines used throughout the 2004 election to make anyone think twice about using them again. Avi Rubin has testified at Congressional hearings trying to alert the government that it has put our democracy at risk by relying so heavily on voting machines without taking the proper precautions. As he has waged this battle, he has been attacked, undermined, and defamed by a prominentmanufacturer. His job has been threatened, but he won't give up until every citizen understands that at this moment, our democracy hangs in the balance. There are simple solutions and, before you vote in the next election, Rubin wants you to know your rights. If you don't know them and you use an electronic voting machine, you may not be voting at all.… (plus d'informations)
  1. 00
    Gaming the Vote: Why Elections Aren't Fair (and What We Can Do About It) par William Poundstone (themulhern)
    themulhern: Two useful books about elections, one about election integrity, and about voting algorithms. Both are important, and both are not frequently or well written about.
  2. 00
    Broken Ballots: Will Your Vote Count? (Center for the Study of Language and Information) par Douglas W. Jones (themulhern)
    themulhern: The authors of the two books knew each other and shared some of the same concerns.
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This book is a narrative of 18 months in the life of a computer science professor who became embroiled, rather willingly, in the political struggles around electronic voting before the 2004 US presidential election.

It seems that many election officials rushed into DRE voting in a reaction to avoid the various difficulties that had caused much controversy during the 2000 elections with less than due consideration, and that this brought about a response from a variety of people, computer security experts among them.

The book is written in the anecdotal style, which tries to slip the useful technical detail in with a narrative, like hiding the vegetables under the pepperoni. It's a very popular style, but the author testified at so many hearings, and went to so many gatherings of one sort or another, that the many characters in his narrative are just about indistinguishable.

The book is still valuable in a few ways. It works as an historical narrative reasonably well. It allows one to see that things can change pretty rapidly, if effort is made. In 2000, Florida's election management became a byword for incompetence, but that's been reformed since, and Florida elections could now be a model for other states. The book shows the partisan nature of every issue, even if that issue should be non-partisan. At the time the book was written, Democrats were the ones who seemed most concerned with election integrity, principally, perhaps, because one of the biggest manufacturers of electronic voting machines, Diebold, had an avowedly Republican CEO. Now, each party runs the "stolen election" playbook virtually automatically and their protestations get plenty of media exposure and publicity, even if some of it is adverse. More sober efforts to ensure that the election process is secure, anonymous, etc. or concerns that it is not are virtually disregarded by those same media when there is not that partisan angle when they are not condemned as "voter suppression".

The book used to have its own website, but no longer. The author used to be a professor at Johns Hopkins, but has retired, apparently to go into business full time, at least judging by his personal website (https://avirubin.com/Vita.html). He leaves behind a bunch of still possibly good links:

* https://vote.caltech.edu
* https://www.calvoter.org
* https://accurate-voting.org
* https://verifiedvoting.org
* https://www.eac.gov
* https://homepage.divms.uiowa.edu/~jones/voting/

This book is the rare book in which an actual, i.e., not fake, expert addresses the problem of securing elections in a non-partisan and public-facing manner. There are not many other books of this nature, so we might as well be grateful for its existence, despite its flaws. ( )
  themulhern | Nov 25, 2023 |
Very engagingly written -- actually couldn't put it down. Great readable writing as well as massively (but painlessly) informative: along the line of Isaac's Storm, or In Thin Air, even though on a topic vital to our democracy. What more can you ask for? Should be required reading for every elected official. ( )
  abuannie | May 25, 2007 |
A computer programming professor takes on politicians who are buying voting machines that can easily be tampered with. ( )
  rcgibson | Jan 14, 2007 |
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Imagine for a moment that you live in a country where nobody is sure how most of the votes are counted, and there's no reliable record for performing a recount. Imagine that machines count the votes, but nobody knows how they work. Now imagine if somebody found out that the machines were vulnerable to attack, but the agencies that operate them won't take the steps to make them safe. If you live in America, you don't need to imagine anything. This is the reality of electronic voting in our country. Avi Rubin is a computer scientist at Johns Hopkins University and a specialist in systems security. He and a team of researchers studied the code that operates the machines now used in 37 states and discovered the following terrifying facts: - The companies hired to test the election equipment for federal certification did not study the code that operates the machines and the election commissions employed no computer security analysts. - All votes are recorded on a single removable card similar to the one in a digital camera. There is no way to determine if the card or the code that operates the machine has been tampered with. - It's very easy to program a machine to change votes. There's no way to determine if that has happened. - There were enough irregularities with the electronic voting machines used throughout the 2004 election to make anyone think twice about using them again. Avi Rubin has testified at Congressional hearings trying to alert the government that it has put our democracy at risk by relying so heavily on voting machines without taking the proper precautions. As he has waged this battle, he has been attacked, undermined, and defamed by a prominentmanufacturer. His job has been threatened, but he won't give up until every citizen understands that at this moment, our democracy hangs in the balance. There are simple solutions and, before you vote in the next election, Rubin wants you to know your rights. If you don't know them and you use an electronic voting machine, you may not be voting at all.

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