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Flashpoints: The Emerging Crisis in Europe (2015)

par George Friedman

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17611156,459 (3.59)2
"A major new book by New York Times bestselling author and geopolitical forecaster George Friedman (The Next 100 Years, The Next Decade) with a bold thesis about coming conflict in the world, this provocative work examines the geopolitical flashpoints--particularly in Europe--in which imminent future conflicts are brewing. George Friedman has forecasted the coming trends (politics, technology, population, and culture) of the next century in The Next 100 Years, and focused his predictions on the coming ten years in The Next Decade. Now, in Flashpoints, Friedman zooms in on the region that has, for five hundred years, been the cultural hotbed of the world--Europe--and examines the most basic and fascinating building block of the region: culture. Analyzing the fault lines that have existed for centuries--and which have led to two world wars and dozens more conflicts--Friedman walks us through the 'flashpoints' that are still smoldering beneath the surface and are on course to erupt again. In Flashpoints, George Friedman begins with a fascinating history of the events leading up to the horrific wars that nearly tore apart Western civilization--killing over 100 million people on the 'civilized' European continent. Modern-day Europe, and the formation of the European Union, were designed to minimize the built-in geopolitical tensions that led to catastrophic war, but as Friedman shows with a mix of history and cultural analysis, those plans have failed. 'Flashpoints' are now simmering as dangerously as in the early twentieth century. Zeroing in on half a dozen locations, borderlands, and cultural dynamics, George Friedman does what few historians can--he explains precisely how certain trends are unstoppable, and what the future holds, both in terms of conflict and also opportunity. Flashpoints also explains in riveting detail how events in Europe will affect the rest of the world--from the United States to Russia, from China to Latin America. Continuing in his bestselling tradition, he reveals a geopolitical landscape that is at once a scintillating history lesson and a forecast for the coming years"--… (plus d'informations)
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» Voir aussi les 2 mentions

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„Sie wollen triumphieren, aber sie wollen kein Risiko dafür eingehen müssen." (Friedmann),

George Friedmann wurde 1949 in Ungarn geboren und beschreibt zu Beginn des Buches die unsäglichen Leiden seiner Vorfahren und Eltern während der Nazi-Herrschaft. Alleine dieser Teil des Buches ist es wert, das gesamte Werk zu kaufen. Er selbst und seine Eltern wurden in Ungarn zu Flüchtlingen, er beschreibt diese Flucht sehr anschaulich und persönlich. Man erlebt, warum eine ungarische Salami eine geopolitische Bedeutung hatte, man ist nah dran an einer unerträglichen Spannung der Flucht nach Österreich. Die Schleuser waren absolute Spezialisten, die einen arbeiteten mit Autos, Booten die anderen nur mit Zügen, ein weitverzweigtes Netzwerk wie es heute auch wieder funktioniert, eine eigene Industrie, die Leben retten kann.

Die Geschichte Europas beschreibt der Autor zurecht als Kampf zwischen Islam und Christentum bzw. der dahinter stehenden, mit den Religionen paktierenden Herrscher. Karl Martell vertrieb im 8. Jahrhundert die anrückenden Mohammedaner und Gott sei Dank haben unsere Vorfahren die Kreuzzüge gestartet. Truppen wurden somit lange in Jerusalem konzentriert und im 16. Jh. konnten die Osmanen vor Wien stehend - Gott sei Dank - zurückgeschlagen werden. Schrecklich sich vorzustellen, was aus Aufklärung und technischem Fortschritt unter der des Lesart Koran geworden wäre.

Die Flashpoints - d.h. Krisenpunkte Europas - sind treffend beschrieben, durch persönliche Besuche vor Ort sehr gut untermauert, und die dramatische, sich abzeichnende Entwicklung einrückender Mohammedaner führt auf mittel- und langfristige Sicht zur Zerstörung Europas wie wir es heute kennen. Nachdem die Türkei als säkularer Staat von Atatürk begründet wurde, pendelt diese wichtige Region an der Südflanke Europas, die Verbindung nach Asien, wieder zum Mohammedglauben, in das Regelwerk einer anderen Welt, die mit der europäischen nichts zu tun hat.

Nicht alle Details sind sauber recherchiert (insbesondere wird der Beute- und Sklavenhaltercharakter des Mohammeddoktrin nicht ausreichend gesehen), es liegt etwas zu viel Gewicht auf dem Machtaspekt insgesamt, die religiöse Triebkraft wird unterbetont, trotzdem stimmt die Geschichte Europas im großen Ganzen.

Europa ist nach Meinung des Autors auf dem absteigenden, machtpolitischen Ast, es sei ein Ort kleinerer Brände, einen großen Krieg würde er hier nicht erwarten. Problem ist, dass man alles wolle, aber keine Kriege, dass man ein Flickenteppich unterschiedlicher Völker sei, die sich im Notfall nicht zusammenraufen. „Sie wollen triumphieren, aber sie wollen kein Risiko dafür eingehen müssen. Sie wollen absolut sicher sein, aber sie wollen sich dafür nicht verteidigen müssen.“

Friedmann sieht die Rechten überall in Europa wachsen, sie lassen alte Nationalstaaten wieder auferstehen, mit allen Nachteilen, die das mit sich bringen kann. Es muss aber nicht so sein. Die Liebe zur Heimat ist nicht verkehrt und auch nicht zu den eigenen Leitlinien eines aufgeklärten, säkularen Europas. Er benennt die Schotten: "Nationalismus muss nicht vom Hass auf andere getrieben sein, die Liebe zu den Seinen kann als Motivation genauso ausreichen."

Wie bei fast allen Amerikanern beobachte ich eine Überbetonung von Machtaspekten und eine Unterberücksichtigung von religiösen Belangen. Letzten Endes hat dies zum (blinden) Vorgehen im Irak geführt, man fragt sich einfach, wo dabei die Islam-Berater gewesen sind bzw. ob sie kein Wort mitgeredet haben. Die USA sei heute immer noch in der Lage, Krisenherde zu löschen, sie auszuschalten, weltweit. Auch das würde ich in Frage stellen, aber die Einwanderungswelle Richtung Europa zwingt uns zum Nachdenken darüber, wofür wir stehen und welche ideologischen Regelwerke wir in Europa nicht mehr dulden wollen. Dies wird von diesem Buch klar verdeutlicht.

16. Oktober 2015 ( )
  Clu98 | Mar 3, 2023 |
Friedman covers a lot of ground in his book "Flashpoints", ranging from the history of Europe and old conflicts to modern day Countries and their leaders. He discusses a number of regions, their politics, religion and geography, and which areas may (or may not) be sources of tension in the future. I don't see any bold predictions here, but it's possible that I may refer back to his book ten years from now to see how things turned out compared to his insights of today. ( )
  rsutto22 | Jul 15, 2021 |
George Friedman paints a dire picture of instability and chaos closing in on the European Union.. Anyone interested in a better understanding of the reasons behind this crisis- along with the likely outcome- will enjoy reading "Flashpoints". Friedman writes with passion and clarity- expounding on his broad firsthand knowledge of European history, culture, and affairs.

The first half of the book offers a brief political and economic history of each country, including their relationship with each other and their interaction with the United States, Russia, North Africa, and the Eastern Muslim countries. As the author makes clear, each of the EU countries is experiencing some resentment, animosity, and distain toward the other. They never really wanted to form a European Community and only went along with the American (Roosevelt and Truman administrations) idea because they were exhausted, frightened, and traumatized after WW II, and feared another Russian invasion.

The author clearly details how each country differs, how divided they have always been in social, economic, and political beliefs. The decades of peace and prosperity after the war camouflaged the divisive climate as everyone was focused on recovery and rebuilding with the financial and military support of he United States.

Then came the financial crash of 2008. Caused largely by the Clinton administration’s repeal of the Glass–Steagall Act which contributed largely to the collapse of the mortgage market, Europe was left with an economy in ruin as they had heavily relied on Wall Street investments as a path to recovery. George Friedman gives great detail of the events that ensued, but curiously avoids mentioning the little tidbit of who actually caused the dilemma. From that point forward, the European Union began looking like a failing marriage. Long-suffered differences that had been passively endured, soon became intolerable and Europe becomes fragmented.

In the second half, Friedman presents the specific flashpoints where conflict could readily erupt. As each country, region, ethnic group, and political organization ponder their next move, there is a possible outcome of extreme action including dissolution of the EU itself, physical scuffles for border territories, invasion by Russia, and the remote possibility of an out-and-out World War III.

In summary, through deep-rooted primal instincts about life… religion, culture, history, and philosophy… each European country has its own individual characteristics that can not be changed and are incompatible with mutual integration. The flashpoints are merely the most obvious areas of contention. While Friedman’s presentation is unbiased and objective, he does not assume knowledge of a viable solution. One can argue the EU needs more help from the USA immediately- both financial and military. Or perhaps the USA should stay out of EU affairs as much as possible and concentrate on keeping our own country safe and prosperous. And in the category of peace and goodwill, hasn’t the US done enough already? Enjoy the author’s input, passion, and style… then draw your own conclusions.

Two quotes I found quite interesting:

“PEACE DEPENDS ON PROSPERITY.”

“HANNAH ARENDT, A POSTWAR PHILOSOPHER , ONCE SAID THAT THE MOST DANGEROUS THING IN THE WORLD IS TO BE RICH AND WEAK. WEALTH CAN ONLY BE PROTECTED BY STRENGTH, AS UNLIKE THE POOR, THE WEALTHY ARE ENVIED AND HAVE THINGS OTHERS WANT, AND UNLIKE THE STRONG THEY ARE SUBJECT TO POWER. MY FATHER USED TO SAY THAT THE RICHEST MAN IN THE WORLD COULDN’T SURVIVE A CHEAP BULLET. THE SAME IS TRUE OF NATIONS. WEALTH WITHOUT STRENGTH IS AN INVITATION TO DISASTER. IT IS GOOD, AS I HAVE SAID, TO BE NEITHER A VICTIM NOR VICTIMIZER. UNFORTUNATELY, IT IS NOT POSSIBLE.” ( )
  LadyLo | Oct 12, 2020 |
A book of three parts:
Part 1 - The author's family history;
Part 2 - Post-War European history;
Part 3 - Flashpoints.

The family history was ok, but not really what I was after. Like others (see their reviews) I just then skipped to Part 3: Flashpoints.

So, Part 3 - Flashpoints:
- The good: I know a lot about modern geopolitics and still this filled in all kinds of gaps, made me think countless times "of course", "yes!", "ah, right".
- The bad: there's not really much here, and even less about "flashpoints". A better title would have been: "Where we're at".

That's it. Was left informed but unchanged by this book that promised soooo much more than it delivered.

TL; DR: Must try harder; shows promise. ( )
  GirlMeetsTractor | Mar 22, 2020 |
A very insightful baseline covering hot spots. This book brings the reader up to speed on the history of certain regions explaining they why and where these areas are of interest. Great read.
  gslim96 | Jul 2, 2019 |
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"A major new book by New York Times bestselling author and geopolitical forecaster George Friedman (The Next 100 Years, The Next Decade) with a bold thesis about coming conflict in the world, this provocative work examines the geopolitical flashpoints--particularly in Europe--in which imminent future conflicts are brewing. George Friedman has forecasted the coming trends (politics, technology, population, and culture) of the next century in The Next 100 Years, and focused his predictions on the coming ten years in The Next Decade. Now, in Flashpoints, Friedman zooms in on the region that has, for five hundred years, been the cultural hotbed of the world--Europe--and examines the most basic and fascinating building block of the region: culture. Analyzing the fault lines that have existed for centuries--and which have led to two world wars and dozens more conflicts--Friedman walks us through the 'flashpoints' that are still smoldering beneath the surface and are on course to erupt again. In Flashpoints, George Friedman begins with a fascinating history of the events leading up to the horrific wars that nearly tore apart Western civilization--killing over 100 million people on the 'civilized' European continent. Modern-day Europe, and the formation of the European Union, were designed to minimize the built-in geopolitical tensions that led to catastrophic war, but as Friedman shows with a mix of history and cultural analysis, those plans have failed. 'Flashpoints' are now simmering as dangerously as in the early twentieth century. Zeroing in on half a dozen locations, borderlands, and cultural dynamics, George Friedman does what few historians can--he explains precisely how certain trends are unstoppable, and what the future holds, both in terms of conflict and also opportunity. Flashpoints also explains in riveting detail how events in Europe will affect the rest of the world--from the United States to Russia, from China to Latin America. Continuing in his bestselling tradition, he reveals a geopolitical landscape that is at once a scintillating history lesson and a forecast for the coming years"--

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