Contains disturbing examples of exports from existing or new EU Member States of military, security and police (MSP) equipment, technology and expertise used for grave human rights violations or breaches of international humanitarian law. Reveals the arms production and exporting activities of the ten new countries joining the EU on 1st May 2004. Explores how the enlarged EU will have over 400 companies in 23 countries producing small arms and light weapons. Demonstrates how this dramatic enlargement of the EU presents both potential opportunities and dangers for European arms control. Analyses the current polices and practices of 15 EU Member States and the 10 new Member States with regard to their control of the transfer of military, security and police (MSP) technology, weaponry, personnel and training. It demonstrates why Amnesty is convinced that more effective EU mechanisms to control MSP exports are urgently required to help protect human rights and ensure respect for international humanitarian law.