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Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World

par David Epstein

Autres auteurs: Voir la section autres auteur(e)s.

MembresCritiquesPopularitéÉvaluation moyenneMentions
1,6554710,619 (4.02)11
Business. Psychology. Sports & Recreations. Nonfiction. HTML:The #1 New York Times bestseller that has all America talking: as seen/heard on CNN's Fareed Zakaria GPS, Morning Joe, CBS This Morning, The Bill Simmons Podcast, Rich Roll, and more.
??The most important business??and parenting??book of the year.? ??Forbes
??Urgent and important. . . an essential read for bosses, parents, coaches, and anyone who cares about improving performance.? ??Daniel H. Pink  
Shortlisted for the Financial Times/McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award
Plenty of experts argue that anyone who wants to develop a skill, play an instrument, or lead their field should start early, focus intensely, and rack up as many hours of deliberate practice as possible. If you dabble or delay, you??ll never catch up to the people who got a head start. But a closer look at research on the world??s top performers, from professional athletes to Nobel laureates, shows that early specialization is the exception, not the rule.    
David Epstein examined the world??s most successful athletes, artists, musicians, inventors, forecasters and scientists. He discovered that in most fields??especially those that are complex and unpredictable??generalists, not specialists, are primed to excel. Generalists often find their path late, and they juggle many interests rather than focusing on one. They??re also more creative, more agile, and able to make connections their more specialized peers can??t see.
Provocative, rigorous, and engrossing, Range makes a compelling case for actively cultivating inefficiency. Failing a test is the best way to learn. Frequent quitters end up with the most fulfilling careers. The most impactful inventors cross domains rather than deepening their knowledge in a single area. As experts silo themselves further while computers master more of the skills once reserved for highly focused humans, people who think broadly and embrace diverse experienc
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» Voir aussi les 11 mentions

Affichage de 1-5 de 46 (suivant | tout afficher)
I wanted to like this book more than I did. It was chock full of great stories and interesting people/groups. But I missed a lot of the connections between those stories/people/groups and how they were generalists. Some were obvious, but others felt like they were shoe-horned in. Still a good read from the perspective of learning a lot, I just don't put this book down feeling that generalists rule the world. For the record, I self-identify as a generalist. ( )
  teejayhanton | Mar 22, 2024 |
NF
  vorefamily | Feb 22, 2024 |
«Будущее за кроткими» — учила Библия. «Красивые [очевидно] спасут мир», — предрекал Чехов. «Решают гики, интроверты или 10 000 часов тренировки», — обещают бестселлеры нон-фикшен. Вышедшая недавно новинка делает ставку на эрудитов и людей с широким кругозором и знаниями. Предыдущая книга Эпштейна посвящена спортсменам и генетике. Успехи некоторых из них принято списывать на ранний старт и те самые 10 000 часов. Тайгер Вудс и сестры-шахматистки Полгар являются каноническими символами такого подхода.

Однако не менее яркая спортивная звезда Роджер Федерер собственно теннису отдал предпочтение уже лишь подростком, перепробовав немало других видов спорта. Да и насколько мир и разные виды человеческой деятельности, которым надо обучаться, напоминают гольф или теннис? Эпштейн считает, что крайне мало. Реальность настолько многофакторна, что даже программа, побившая человека в шахматы и го, не может обыграть людей в стратегию реального времени StarCraft. Что бы ни говорил Марк Цукерберг про преимущества раннего старта в бизнесе, исследователи из Северо-Западного университета и MIT совместно с Бюро переписи населения США изучили новые IT-компании и установили, что средний возраст основателей самых быстрорастущих стартапов на момент запуска — 45 лет.

Ученые и представители других специальностей с равной вероятностью могут иметь художественные увлечения, но первые с гораздо большей вероятностью имеют интересные хобби вне своей стези. У нобелевских лауреатов эта вероятность еще выше. По сравнению с другими учеными они по крайней мере в 22 раза чаще выступают в качестве актеров-любителей, танцоров, фокусников или других исполнителей. Ведущие ученые своих стран с гораздо большей вероятностью, чем другие ученые, будут музыкантами, скульпторами, художниками, столярами, механиками, электронщиками, стеклодувами, поэтами, писателями. И как тут не вспомнить Стива Джобса, благодарившего случай, приведший его в класс каллиграфии. Особой эстетикой продукты Apple обязаны именно ей. Опять же самые успешные музыканты умеют играть на нескольких инструментах, а не только на том, который им вручили в три года родители.

Помимо критики строгой необходимости 10 000 часов и похвалы разносторонности, Эпштейн с помощью новейших исследований разбирает на запчасти еще несколько догм, мешающих успеху в жизни и бизнесе. Ведь даже у пафосного черчиллевского «никогда-никогда не сдавайтесь» есть опускаемое окончание: «если это не противоречит чести и здравому смыслу».
  Den85 | Jan 3, 2024 |
The repetion of the same structure in each chapter (anecdote, some studies, anecdotes) gets boring, and I'm not a fan of anecdotes and mostly skipped those, but interesting stuff ( )
  kenshin79 | Jul 25, 2023 |
This book is about learning. The author challenges the traditional notion of specialization and encourages a more holistic approach to learning. By emphasizing the importance of cross-domain and cross-pattern practices, Epstein presents a compelling argument for a generalist viewpoint. What sets this book apart is the abundance of data and experiments provided in each chapter, giving weight to the author's claims.

One aspect that particularly caught my attention was the book's relevance to machine learning. Epstein's theories on nurturing machine learning models, particularly generative models, offer valuable insights on how to transition from superficial pattern recognition to more robust pattern learning. The underlying concept of framing learning tasks effectively, rather than solely focusing on manipulating architectures, holds immense potential for educating both humans and ML models. ( )
  Wei_Guo | Jul 19, 2023 |
Affichage de 1-5 de 46 (suivant | tout afficher)
Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World
Scritto nel 2019 dal giornalista investigativo David Epstein, il secondo libro consigliato è Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World. Disponibile in italiano con il titolo Generalisti. Perché una conoscenza allargata, flessibile e trasversale è la chiave per il futuro (Luiss University Press), è un lungo elogio della capacità di mantenersi versatili e multidisciplinari in un mondo che, al contrario, sembra prediligere la specializzazione. Portando gli esempi più disparati – da Roger Federer a Charles Darwin, fino agli esperti di Unione Sovietica ai tempi della Guerra Fredda – Epstein dimostra come questa sia la strada da seguire per fare la differenza nel mondo del lavoro. «Penso che le sue idee aiutino a spiegare alcuni dei successi di Microsoft – riflette Gates –, perché abbiamo assunto persone che avevano una reale ampiezza di conoscenze all’interno del loro campo e attraverso altri settori. Se sei un generalista a cui è capitato di sentirsi messo in ombra dai colleghi specializzati, questo è il libro che fa per te».
ajouté par AntonioGallo | modifierCorriere della sera
 

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Nom de l'auteurRôleType d'auteurŒuvre ?Statut
David Epsteinauteur principaltoutes les éditionscalculé
Damron, WillNarrateurauteur secondairequelques éditionsconfirmé
Garruzzo, CassandraConcepteurauteur secondairequelques éditionsconfirmé
Young, CourtneyDirecteur de publicationauteur secondairequelques éditionsconfirmé
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And he refused to specialize in anything, preferring to keep an eye on the overall estate rather than any of its parts. . . . And Nikolay’s management produced the most brilliant results.

—Leo Tolstoy, War and Peace

No tool is omnicompetent. There is no such thing as a master-key that will unlock all doors.

—Arnold Toynbee, A Study of History
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Let's start with a couple of stories from the world of sports. (Introduction)
One year and four days after World War II in Europe ended in unconditional surrender, Laszlo Polgar was born in a small town in Hungary—the seed of a new family. (Chapter 1)
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Business. Psychology. Sports & Recreations. Nonfiction. HTML:The #1 New York Times bestseller that has all America talking: as seen/heard on CNN's Fareed Zakaria GPS, Morning Joe, CBS This Morning, The Bill Simmons Podcast, Rich Roll, and more.
??The most important business??and parenting??book of the year.? ??Forbes
??Urgent and important. . . an essential read for bosses, parents, coaches, and anyone who cares about improving performance.? ??Daniel H. Pink  
Shortlisted for the Financial Times/McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award
Plenty of experts argue that anyone who wants to develop a skill, play an instrument, or lead their field should start early, focus intensely, and rack up as many hours of deliberate practice as possible. If you dabble or delay, you??ll never catch up to the people who got a head start. But a closer look at research on the world??s top performers, from professional athletes to Nobel laureates, shows that early specialization is the exception, not the rule.    
David Epstein examined the world??s most successful athletes, artists, musicians, inventors, forecasters and scientists. He discovered that in most fields??especially those that are complex and unpredictable??generalists, not specialists, are primed to excel. Generalists often find their path late, and they juggle many interests rather than focusing on one. They??re also more creative, more agile, and able to make connections their more specialized peers can??t see.
Provocative, rigorous, and engrossing, Range makes a compelling case for actively cultivating inefficiency. Failing a test is the best way to learn. Frequent quitters end up with the most fulfilling careers. The most impactful inventors cross domains rather than deepening their knowledge in a single area. As experts silo themselves further while computers master more of the skills once reserved for highly focused humans, people who think broadly and embrace diverse experienc

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