Translated from the Evora MS. and edited, with a translation of the Act of Possession of Pedro Teixeira, 1639, and of contemporary references in Portuguese sources to the work of Father Fritz in the Upper Amazon. This is a new print-on-demand hardback edition of the volume first published in 1922. Owing to technical constraints it has not been possible to reproduce Fritz's Map of 1707 which was included in the first edition of the work.