This review book provides state-of-the-art expositions of major advances by theoretical, numerical and experimental studies from a molecular, microscopic, mesoscopic or macroscopic point of view across the spectrum of transport phenomena, from scientific enquiries to practical applications. This new volume of the annual review "Advances in Transport Phenomena" series fills the information gap between regularly published journals and university-level textbooks by providing in-depth review articles covering the fields of mass transfer, fluid mechanics, heat transfer and thermodynamics over a broader scope than in journals. The authoritative articles, contributed by internationally-leading scientists and practitioners, will establish the state of the art, disseminate the latest research discoveries, serve as a central source of reference for fundamentals and applications of transport phenomena, and provide potential textbooks to senior undergraduate and graduate students.