Can writings of the church fathers related to the field of social ethics be of value to contemporary discussions on the topic? In addressing this question, the authors of this book discuss the exciting challenges that scholars of both early Christianity and contemporary Catholic social thought face regarding the interaction of historical sources and present issues. Essays explore concerns related to hermeneutics, audiences, and political and social contexts. Some of the essays take interest in particular social issues, including usury, property, justice, and common good. Others evaluate the nature of the disciplines of early Christian studies and social ethics and why those disciplines may have difficulty carrying on a dialogue. Overall, the essays reflect on the potential difficulty of contextualizing early Christian documents that purport to address socio-ethical themes both within their own time and place and within the research interests of Christian social ethicists. Where one author may see this problem as insurmountable, another argues that early Christian texts were written with multiple audiences in mind, especially future audiences such as readers today. Several of the authors discuss the relevance of social ideas of the Fathers and how they resonate with modern readers.