Alden T. Vaughan
Auteur de New England frontier; Puritans and Indians, 1620-1675
A propos de l'auteur
Alden T. Vaughan is Professor Emeritus of History at Columbia University. Virginia MasonVaughan is Professor of English and former Chair of the English Department at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts.
Œuvres de Alden T. Vaughan
Perspectives on early American history; essays in honor of Richard B. Morris (1973) — Directeur de publication — 15 exemplaires
Crossing the Cultural Divide: Indians and New Englanders, 1605-1763. Repr from the Proc of the American Antiquarian… (1980) 3 exemplaires
"The 'Horrid and Unnatural Rebellion' of Daniel Shays," 2 exemplaires
"From White Man to redskin: Changing Anglo-American Perceptions of the American Indian," American Historical review,… 2 exemplaires
Oeuvres associées
Voyage to Virginia in 1609: 2 Narratives, Strachey's 'True Reportory' and Jourdain's 'Discovery of the Bermudas' (1964) — Avant-propos — 25 exemplaires
The World of John Winthrop: England and New England, 1588-1649 (Massachusetts Historical Society Studies in American… (2006) — Contributeur — 4 exemplaires
Étiqueté
Partage des connaissances
- Nom légal
- Vaughan, Alden True
- Date de naissance
- 1929-01-23
- Sexe
- male
- Nationalité
- USA
- Pays (pour la carte)
- USA
- Lieu de naissance
- Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Études
- Amherst College (BA | 1950)
Columbia University (MA | 1956)
Columbia University (MA | 1958)
Columbia University (PhD | 1964) - Professions
- History Professor, Columbia University
- Relations
- Vaughan, Virginia Mason (wife)
- Organisations
- United States Naval Reserve
American Historical Association
Society of American Historians
Organization of American Historians
American Antiquarian Society
Colonial Society of Massachusetts
Membres
Critiques
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Statistiques
- Œuvres
- 22
- Aussi par
- 3
- Membres
- 527
- Popularité
- #47,213
- Évaluation
- 3.9
- Critiques
- 4
- ISBN
- 37
Smith's early life proved adventurous. Growing up during the age of Elizabethan heroics, he inherited its adventurous spirit, and as a young man served as a mercenary in Continental armies. His return to England coincided with the renewed interest in colonizing the New World, and he soon was recruited for the London Company's exhibition to Chesapeake Bay. Vaughan notes the tensions created by Smith's selection, which as a yeoman was resented by the aristocrats that had signed on in the hope of winning vast wealth for themselves.
This resentment soon emerged on the voyage to America, as an effort to discredit him temporarily cost him his role on the governing board. After reaching Jamestown, he soon emerged as the principal negotiator with the leader of the local Indians, Powhatan. Though Smith made a favorable impression with Powhatan, this did little to mitigate the hostility that quickly emerged between the two groups, which was just one of the many problems the early colony faced. Vaughan states that in the early years of the colony's existence, the only time that it met the basic needs of survival - political stability, economic prosperity, and peaceful relations with the Indians - was during Smith's tenure as its president.
With his departure from Virginia, Smith retreats to the sidelines, making only sporadic appearances until the final chapter of the book. Instead, the focus shifts to the colony itself, which continued to struggle to survive. It was only when Powhatan agreed to a peace treaty and tobacco cultivation was introduced that the colony's immediate was assured. But long-term viability was dependent upon creating a stable society, which led the company to encourage more women to emigrate. Though by the early 1620s the company's directors were optimistic about their colony's future, the devastating attack on the colony by the Indians in March 1622, coupled with infighting among the directors in London, doomed the Virginia Company and precipitated a takeover of the colony by the crown in 1624.
Vaughan tells this story well. While a little dated (his examination of the slaves' condition is in need of some revision), he conveys the development of the colony briskly and succinctly. Readers seeking a greater focus on the fascinating life of John Smith would do well to reference the biographies he lists in his bibliography; for those seeking a good introduction to his life or a survey of the early years of the Virginia Colony, this is the book to read.… (plus d'informations)