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Sabina Spielrein (1885–1942)

Auteur de Destruction as the Cause of Coming Into Being

8 oeuvres 25 utilisateurs 2 critiques

A propos de l'auteur

Œuvres de Sabina Spielrein

Étiqueté

Partage des connaissances

Date de naissance
1885-11-07
Date de décès
1942
Sexe
female
Nationalité
Russia (birth)
Lieu de naissance
Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Lieu du décès
Zmieva Balka, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Lieux de résidence
Zurich, Switzerland
Vienna, Austria
Berlin, Germany
Moscow, Russia
Geneva, Switzerland
Études
University of Zurich Medical School, Switzerland
Professions
physician
Psychoanalyst
child psychologist
theater critic
Relations
Jung, Carl (mentor, lover)
Piaget, Jean (student)
Freud, Sigmund (colleague)
Organisations
Vienna Psychoanalytic Society
Jean-Jacques Rousseau Institute
Courte biographie
Sabina Spielrein was born into a family of Russian Jewish doctors and scientists. Her mother was a dentist and her father was an entomologist who became a successful merchant. Her parents had extremely strict rules for their children and beat them when they failed to obey. They also provided a rigorous education and by the age of six, Sabina spoke Russian, German and French and was learning to play the piano. At age 10, she began attending a girls’ grammar school, completing her studies with honors in 1904. She was affected by a mental condition as a teenager and was admitted to the Burghölzli Treatment and Care Institution (or Psychiatric Clinic) near Zürich, where Carl Jung was working. There she developed a deep emotional bond with Jung. He encouraged her to go to medical school and became her dissertation advisor. Some historians believe the couple had a sexual relationship as well. Sabina Spielrein graduated from medical school at the University of Zurich in 1911, and was elected a member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. Her dissertation, "Concerning the Psychological Content of a Case of Schizophrenia," was the first psychoanalytical dissertation written by a woman. It was published in 1911 as the lead paper in a periodical edited by Jung. Sabina Spielrein first wrote to Sigmund Freud in 1909, and met him in 1911 in Vienna; he was greatly impressed by her and sent her some of his patients. They continued meeting and corresponding until at least 1923. In 1912, she married Dr. Paul (Pavel) Scheftel, a Russian-Jewish physician with whom she had two daughters. She spoke at the sixth International Psychoanalytic Congress at The Hague in 1920 and shared her theories on child development. She moved to Geneva to work at the Jean-Jacques Rousseau Institute, where she spent three years and was the analyst for Jean Piaget. She also wrote part of a novel and was a theater critic for the Journal de Genève, but she was unable to make a living. In 1923, she returned to Russia and became director of the child psychology department at the First Moscow University. She went back to her hometown of Rostov-on-Don in about 1924 and reunited with her husband. She founded a psychoanalytic children’s nursery and taught at the university until 1936, when Stalin banned psychoanalysis. During her career, Sabina Spielrein published 30 psychoanalytic papers in French and German. The majority of them have never been translated into English. Her two most significant works were her dissertation and her second work, "Destruction as the Cause of Coming into Being." She was a pioneer in the development of the psychoanalytic movement, although her contributions have been largely overlooked and forgotten until recently. She faced many obstacles because she was a woman working in a predominantly male profession, and because she was a Jew during a period of violent anti-Semitism in Europe. Sabina Spielrein and her children were murdered by the Nazis in August 1942, during World War II.

Membres

Critiques

AAAAAAAAAAAAAHHHHHHHHHHH. Porque estava tirando pó dos livros, não me aguentei e estou relendo essa bostinha, ao menos só a parte do diário e cartas.




No diálogo que se desnvolve entre Spielrein e Jung é possível captar, por parte da aluna de Jung e Freud, uma tentativa ecumênica. Já antes, Sabina tivera a estranha idéia de se tornar tradutora tanto de Jung quanto de Freud. O próprio Freud fica surpreso, observando-lhe que "habitulamente, porém, só se faz uma coisa semelhante quando, em um trabalho como este, é possível defender também as próprias convicções".
Sabina, todavia - pelo menos é o que parece -, tenta a todo custo fazer entender, sobretudo a Jung, os pontos em comum que este tem com Freud.
Prescindindo da justeza das observações de Spielrein, devemos no sperguntar quais podiam ser as motivações que a impeliam a uma visão de conjunto das duas teorias. É certo que toda tentativa de síntese pode ser considerada como uma dificuldade em aceitar o conflito; e toda a vida de Sabina Spielrein, inclusive no próprio conteúdo do seus trabalhos, é um desejo de conciliar posições opostas. Ela percebe, por exemplo, a rivalidade entre Bleuler e Jung; busca depois, junto a Jung, uma mediação; suas amigas mais queridas são uma judia e uma cristã; o filho que fantasiara ter com Jung, e aquem deveria dar o nome Sigfrido, poderia representar - segundo a interpretação de Freud - um herói cristão-semita; a esquizofrenia não é uma doença sem sentido, mas é na realidade, uma outra modalidade de expressão; finalmente, não existe a destruição porque esta é um símbolo de renascimento.
Esta exigência ecumênica exprime, grosso modo, a dificuldade em enfrentar as dilacerações, na medida que estas não são vividas de maneira dialética, quer dizer, de um modo ou de outro, propulsora, mas são vistas como paralisantes e destruidoras. É difícil entender como se pode ser incapaz de suportar os contrastes.


Mmmm, é díficil, é, seu italiano? Eu não acho. Rá!
… (plus d'informations)
 
Signalé
Adriana_Scarpin | Jun 12, 2018 |
»Sabina Spielrein's psychoanalytische Untersuchungen bieten ein breites Spektrum zur Exploration nicht nur der (auch von Freud kontestierten) destruktiven Kräfte der Sexualität, ihre Auseinandersetzung mit einem Fall von dementia praecox (Schizophrenie) zeigt überdies ihr psychologisches Feingefühl, wenn es zu Analyse und Bewertung psychologischer Inhalte kommt. Ihre 'Beiträge zur Kenntnis der kindlichen Seele', ihr Aufsatz über die 'Entstehung der kindlichen Worte Papa und Mama' bzw. jener über einige 'Analogien zwischen dem Denken des Kindes, des Aphasiker und dem unterbewußten Denken' zeigen deutlich, welche unbewußten (sexuellen) Antriebe im Menschen oftmals wirksam sind, welche Regressionen das sozio-kulturelle Bewußtsein erlebt und inwieweit Kindererziehung damals wie heute weniger der Autorität einer strengen Hand, sondern dem Einfühlungsvermögen wirklich verstehender Erwachsener bedarf.» (dg)… (plus d'informations)
 
Signalé
davidgregory | Mar 11, 2012 |

Statistiques

Œuvres
8
Membres
25
Popularité
#508,561
Évaluation
4.0
Critiques
2
ISBN
15
Langues
5