Peter Kolchin
Auteur de Une institution très particulière : l'esclavage aux États-Unis, 1619-1877
A propos de l'auteur
Peter Kolchin is the Henry Clay Reed Professor of History at the University of Delaware.
Crédit image: University of Delaware
Œuvres de Peter Kolchin
A Sphinx on the American Land. The Nineteenth-Century South in Comparative Perspective (2003) — Auteur — 14 exemplaires
First Freedom. The Responses of Alabama's Blacks to Emancipation and Reconstruction (1972) — Auteur — 11 exemplaires
Oeuvres associées
Étiqueté
Partage des connaissances
- Nom légal
- Kolchin, Peter
- Date de naissance
- 1943-06-03
- Sexe
- male
- Nationalité
- USA
- Pays (pour la carte)
- USA
- Lieu de naissance
- New York, USA
- Études
- Johns Hopkins University (PhD - History)
Colombia University (BA - History) - Professions
- Professeur (Histoire)
Historien (Esclavage, Travail) - Organisations
- University of Delaware Henry Clay Reed Professor of History, 1994l20??)
University of Delaware (Professor, History, 1985l1994)
Harvard University, USA (Visiting Professor, History, 1985)
University of New Mexico, USA (Associate Professor, History, 1976l1985)
University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA (Assistant Professor, History, 1969l1975)
University of California-Davis, USA (Lecturer, History, 1968l1969) - Prix et distinctions
- Bancroft Prize for American History (1988)
Avery O. Craven Award (1988)
Charles Sydnor Award, Southern Historical Association
Membres
Critiques
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Prix et récompenses
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Statistiques
- Œuvres
- 4
- Aussi par
- 2
- Membres
- 678
- Popularité
- #37,272
- Évaluation
- 3.6
- Critiques
- 6
- ISBN
- 14
- Langues
- 1
Mostly living away from their estates and unconnected to their serfs, Russian serfowners lacked both ability and motivation compared to Southern enslavers. The fact that Russian estates were, on average, orders of magnitude bigger than Southern estates likewise meant that Russian serfowners were less personally connected to their serfs, which made the conditions of serfdom different from the conditions of American enslavement, although this was not quite as big a difference for house serfs. It also mattered that the South was so much warmer and more agriculturally rich than most of Russia, capable of feeding and housing the average enslaved person better—though that capacity was not always exercised. Though both sets of owners endorsed concepts of their “people” as childlike, lazy, and incapable of self-governance, the conditions of life were systematically different. While Russian serfowners believed that their serfs were responsible for their own livelihoods and basically just owed money or work to their owners, Southern enslavers were highly likely to live among enslaved people and thus had more opportunity to beat, rape, feed, and provide medical care to them. Advice to enslavers was, for example, that allowing enslaved people to cook their own food “promoted excessive independence.” This distribution also differentially affected people’s ability to foment large-scale rebellion or collective resistance, which occurred many more times in Russia.
Because Russian serfowners were close to rentiers who mostly sought income from their estates, they also had less incentive to oppose emancipation if they could be kept economically superior; their lives wouldn’t have to change very much, compared to the lives of Southern enslavers, and indeed they secured generous compensation for emancipation. The fact that serfs shared a history with nobles contributed to the bureaucratic treatment of their petitions for help to higher authorities, which though rarely granted did exert some control over bad behavior by owners; the American ethos of individualism/lack of government intervention combined with racial exclusion to largely preclude any such potential for enslaved Blacks. Flight was far more common among both groups, though again the Russian serfs were more likely to move en masse.… (plus d'informations)